A semen analysis is one of the most important tests used to evaluate male fertility. It provides information about several key sperm parameters, including:

• Semen volume
• Sperm concentration and total count
• Motility — how well sperm move
• Morphology — sperm shape and structure
• Other findings that may affect fertility

An abnormal result does not automatically mean that pregnancy is impossible. Sperm parameters can vary over time and may be influenced by illness, fever, lifestyle, medications, heat exposure, and other health factors. In some cases, a repeat semen analysis may be recommended.

Male fertility is an important part of a complete fertility evaluation, especially when a couple has been trying to conceive without success.