These terms are related, but they do not all mean the same thing.

PCOS — Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A hormonal condition that may involve irregular ovulation, elevated androgens and metabolic concerns such as insulin resistance. Despite the name, ovarian cysts are not required for diagnosis.

PCOM — Polycystic Ovarian Morphology
This describes an ovarian appearance on ultrasound, with an increased number of small follicles and/or increased ovarian volume. These follicles are not the same as ovarian cysts. PCOM alone does not mean you have PCOS or infertility.

PMOS — Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome
Introduced in May 2026, PMOS is the new name for PCOS. It highlights the condition’s broader hormonal and metabolic effects beyond the ovaries. It is not a separate disease.

How is it diagnosed?
In adults, diagnosis generally requires two of the following after excluding other causes:
• Irregular or absent ovulation
• Clinical or blood-test evidence of elevated androgens
• PCOM on ultrasound, or an appropriate AMH result as an alternative

AMH alone cannot diagnose the condition. Different criteria apply to adolescents.

Can you still become pregnant?
Yes. Many people conceive naturally or with treatment. An individualized assessment can help clarify ovulation, metabolic health and fertility needs.

Longevity Fertility Centre