What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a common condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus. These growths may appear on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other pelvic structures. Because this tissue responds to hormonal changes each month, it can lead to inflammation, internal bleeding, and scar tissue formation.

Common symptoms include painful periods, chronic pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, heavy or irregular bleeding, bloating, and difficulty conceiving. Some women experience severe symptoms, while others may have minimal discomfort despite significant disease.

The exact cause of endometriosis is not fully understood, but hormonal factors, immune dysfunction, genetics, and retrograde menstruation may play a role. Diagnosis often involves a medical history, pelvic exam, and imaging such as ultrasound. In some cases, laparoscopy is needed to confirm the condition.

Although there is no definitive cure, treatment options are available to manage pain and support fertility. Early evaluation is important if symptoms persist or if you are trying to conceive without success.